Velez

Kwemamireniyumu mazhinji, zvizvarwa zvakatevedzana zvakapfuura ngano dzevamwari vanoshamisa kana maghoul anotyisa uye zvikara. Tsika yePop inotongwa neGreek Olympus naZeus ari kutungamirira mazuva ano. Nekudaro, isu maSlav hatifanire kukanganwa ngano yedu, iyo, kunyangwe isina kuongororwa zvizere uye zvakanyanya kusiiwa nemukana, ichiri kunakidza zvakanyanya. Panguva ino nezve mwari aizivikanwa nemuchengeti wemombe, uye kumwe kunhu nerufu uye nepasi - ziva Veles!

Veles (kana Volos) anotaurwa muCzech masosi pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechiXNUMX-nechiXNUMX uye anozivikanwa aine dhimoni. Muzvinyorwa izvi, vatsvakurudzi vakawana chinyorwa chemhiko kyveles ik welesu, iyo inoenderana neki yedu kuna dhiyabhorosi negehena. Maererano nedzimwe nyanzvi dzengano, izvi zvinoratidza mukurumbira mukuru wamwari uyu. Aleksander Brückner, mumwe wevanyori venhoroondo dzechiPolish vane mukurumbira, anogoverawo tsananguro iyi. Anotaura kuti kushamwaridzana kwambotaurwa kweVeles nemombe kwakakonzerwa nekukanganisa apo, pakupera kwenguva yevahedheni, Veles akakanganisa kuti St. Vlas (Saint Vlas), muchengeti wemombe. Pane kudaro, Brückner anonongedza kune kufanana kunonzwika neLithuanian Welinas, zvinoreva kuti "dhiyabhorosi", uye saka anomubatanidza namwari werufu uye nepasi. Kutaura kwakadai ndiko kwaizotsanangura kuti sei akanga atoreswa mhiko. Paiva netsika dzakabatana namwari wepasi pevhu. VaSlav havana kutuka zvachose nechido, asi munyaya iyi, pavakatuka, vakatora nyika mumaoko avo. Rusyns, kune rumwe rutivi, akafukidza misoro yavo neturf, kureva bhora reuswa nevhu.

Nehurombo, ruzivo urwu rwese harugone kusimbiswa XNUMX% nekuti zvinyorwa zvataurwa pamusoro apa hazvina kuvimbika zvachose, saka Brückner nevamwe vaongorori vanofanira kunge vakashandisa fungidziro dzakawanda. Sezvineiwo, pakanga painewo musasa wevanyori vengano vaiti Veles kana Volos vakanga vasipo zvachose! Maererano navo, chete vakatotaurwa nezvavo St. Own. Chitendero chake chakatanga nevaGiriki veByzantine, akabva apinda nesimba rake rose kuBalkan, uyezve kuRusyn Slavs, kuitira kuti pakupedzisira Veles akakwanisa kumira zvakada kufanana nemumwe wevamwari vakuru vechiSlavic - Perun. .

Veles anowanzoita seanopikisa Perun, mitsva yakapona mushure mechiKristu mungano senyaya pamusoro pekukwikwidzana pakati paMwari nadhiyabhorosi (saka chikonzero chekuziva Nyoka naVeles) uye kunyange St. Nicholas naMwari kana St. Kana ini. Iyi motif inopindirana neyakajairwa Indo-European chirongwa chekukwikwidza pakati pevamwari vaviri vepamusoro uye vanopikisa.

Kungava sei nokuvhiringidzika kwakadaro pakuenzanisa nhamba mbiri? Zvakanaka, pamwe izvi zvakakonzerwa nekushanduka kwemitauro kwakaitika kunosvika zana ramakore rechiXNUMX AD. Panguva iyoyo, vaSlav vakashandisa Old Church Slavonic, iyo yaiva mutauro wekutanga wekunyora munzvimbo iyi, uye kubva kune mitauro yeSlavic yakazotevera, kusanganisira chiPolish, yakabva. Muchidimbu, maitiro akatungamira pakubuda kweiyo Vlas yepakutanga kubva kuWallachia. Apa ndipo panogona kunge paita dambudziko.

Sezvaunogona kuona, vamwari vechiSlavic uye mavambo avo vachiri chakavanzika. Zvose izvi zvinokonzerwa nehuwandu husingaverengeki hwezvinyorwa zvakanyorwa, izvo kunyange zvishomanana zvinovimbika. Kwemakore akawanda, pane zvakawanda zvakagadzirwa nenyanzvi dzisina ruzivo zvishoma pamusoro pechitendero cheSlavic, saka ikozvino zvakaoma zvikuru kuparadzanisa gorosi kubva kumahundi. Zvisinei, tinogona kuva nechokwadi chechinhu chimwe - Veles aiva nechinzvimbo chepamusoro-soro mumachechi echihedheni uye, zvechokwadi, akanga akakurumbira zvikuru. Mwari mumwe chete pamusoro pake achiri Perun, mwari wekutinhira.

Kana iwe uchida kudzamisa nyaya, ndinokurudzira kuti uverenge chidzidzo chaStanislav Urbanczyk, ane mutauro wakareruka unoita kuti kudzidza ngano dzeSlavic kunakidze. Ndinokurudzirawo Alexander Geishtor naAlexander Bruckner, vanotaurwa kakawanda, kunyange zvazvo maitiro evarume vaviri ava achiita seakanyanya kuoma.