Maud Stevens Wagner, trapeze uye tsono virtuoso

Mumwe piyona wemazuva ano ekutema tattoo, Maud Stevens Wagner akabatsira mukuitwa kwevakadzi kwema tattoo uye basa rekunyora. Achityora macode uye taboos zvechadenga ichi, icho chaive chakachengeterwa varume kwenguva yakarebesa, akave wekutanga nyanzvi yekunyora matattoo echikadzi muUnited States pakutanga kwezana ramakore rapfuura. Imwe nyanzvi uye chiratidzo chevakadzi, akapemberera nhoroondo yekusingaperi kunyora tattoo. Mufananidzo.

Maud Stevens Wagner: Kubva kusikisi kusvika kune tattoo

Pamberi paAmy, Melissa kana Ruby, paiva naMaud. Mudiki Maud Stevens akaberekerwa muKansas muna 1877 uye akapedza hudiki hwake papurazi remhuri. Asina kukurudzirwa zvakanyanya nepfungwa yekurarama hupenyu hwakachena semukadzi wemba, akasarudza nzira yehunyanzvi, kuita trapeze muimbi uye circus acrobat. Ane tarenda uye akakurumbira, anoita pamitambo mikuru munyika.

Achityaira nemuSaint-Louis muna 1904 pachiitiko cheWorld's Fair, akasangana naGus Wagner, uyo aizviti “murume ane nyora dzakanyanyisa pasi rose” uyo achaita kuti upenyu hwake hudedere. Mushure memakore ekufamba mumakungwa, mufambi uyu akadzokera kumhara nemuviri wake wakaiswa ma tatoo. Nezvinangwa zvinopfuura mazana maviri, inokwezva vashanyi vanoiona neshungu dzakafanana nedzemurume ane makumbo matatu kana mukadzi ane ndebvu.

Achiwira pasi pechiperengo chemuimbi wechidiki pakati pemitambo miviri, anoita basa rekunyengera kuti atore mwoyo wake. Asi kuna Maud pakanga pasina mubvunzo wekubvumirwa chero mumamiriro ezvinhu. Mhandara ine tattoo chero ipi zvayo, inongoti hongu kune iyi yekutanga zuva kana akavimbisa kumutema uye kumudzidzisa hunyanzvi. Gus anobvuma chibvumirano uye anogovera ruzivo rwake rwechikoro chekare kubva munzendo dzake naye. Ziva, zvaasingazoregi kusvikira pakuguma kwemazuva ake. Zvirokwazvo, kunyangwe dermograph yatove yakakurumbira, Gus anoda kushanda nenzira yechinyakare, achishandisa "tattoo yeruoko" kana "stick and poke tattoo," nemamwe mazwi, hunyanzvi hwekugadzira bitmap mushure meimwe. Point tattoo. embroidery nemaoko, pasina kushandisa muchina. Chinangwa chaMaud chekutanga chinotanga zvinyoronyoro mumwe wake achinyora zita rake kuruoko rwake rweruboshwe. Pane kuchenjera. Tsvaga zvimwe nezvezita rekuti tattoo.

Nyanzvi ye tattoo muimbi uye anotungamira wechikadzi emancipator

Akasvibiswa netattoo, akaroora Gus wake muna 1907 uye makore mashoma gare gare akabereka musikana mudiki, Lotteva. Nekukurumidza, tattoo yake yekutanga yakabatanidzwa nemashavishavi, shumba, nyoka, shiri, muchidimbu, mhuka yose pakati pemaruva nemichindwe iyo yakapinda muviri wake wose kubva kumutsipa kusvika kutsoka. Uyezve, Maud Wagner haachagutsikane netsono yemurume wake. Akazviwanira tattoo, akasiya sekisi kuti atore matattoo, uye akazova wekutanga kuzivikanwa wekuAmerica tattoo.

Nomadic artists Maude naGus vanofamba kuUnited States kunoratidza miviri yavo yave mabasa echokwadi ehunyanzvi. Kana vatengesi vavo vakaita demokrasi mukutema tattoo, matanda acho anotonyanya kukosha kuna Maud, uyo munharaunda yeAmerica ino puritanical uye inochengetedza yepakutanga kwezana ramakore rapfuura anotungamira shanduko yechokwadi yevakadzi, achishinga kuratidza maziso ake. kazhinji, muviri wakapfeka zvishoma uye wakafukidzwa zvachose nemaitiro asingadzimiki.

Asi kunze kwechiratidziro, vaWagneres vakaenderera mberi nemabasa avo sevanotenderera tattoo artists. Nehurombo, kana munyoro akarova, kuna Madame, kunyangwe tarenda rake rakakura, vatengi havaunganidze pagedhi. Panguva iyoyo, kunyora nyora kwaiva bhizinesi remurume, uye vazhinji vavo vakaona zvakaoma kufungidzira tattoo semukadzi ... Hongu, tarenda haisi yose, uye clichés yakaoma. Kuti vagovakotamisa, vaviri vevatambi vanosarudza pahuno. Pamapepa akagoverwa kushambadza, Maud anogutsikana nekumudana kuti "VaStevens Wagner" kuti akwezve vatengi, achitarisira kuti kana vatarisana nebasa rake, varume ava vachabvisa rusaruro rwavo.

Ave nyanzvi inozivikanwa munyika yekunyora nyora pakafa Gus muna 1941, akaramba achitsvaga hunyanzvi hwake kusvika pakufa kwake, makore makumi maviri gare gare. Kuti izvi zviitike, Maud akagadzira tandem nyowani, panguva ino 20% mukadzi, achipfuudza ese manomano ehunyanzvi kumwanasikana wake Lotteva, uyo, zvakare, achapfuudza nhaka iyi kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera.